The Effect of Genotype, Mineral Nutrition and Soil Improver on Wheat Grain
The research paper presents a study conducted over two years (2012/13 and 2013/14) to evaluate the quality of wheat grain, focusing on absolute weight, hectolitre weight, and protein content, influenced by different wheat genotypes and the application of mineral nutrition and soil improvers. The research was carried out at the Agricultural Faculty of the University of East Sarajevo, utilizing three wheat cultivars (Orion, Kristina, and Bosanka) developed in the Agricultural Institute of the Republic of Srpska. The study involved four nutritional variants: a control group (substrate only), N15P15K15, N15P15K15 with natural zeolite, and N15P15K15 with synthetic zeolite.
The findings revealed that the cultivar Bosanka exhibited the highest absolute weight, while Orion had the highest hectolitre weight and protein content. The application of soil improvers, both natural and synthetic, in conjunction with NPK fertilizers, positively impacted the quality of wheat grain. The study emphasized the importance of genotype in determining the yield and quality of wheat, with significant variations observed in the quality parameters based on the cultivar and the type of fertilization used.
The research paper also discusses the nutritional significance of wheat, noting its high protein and carbohydrate content, and the role of gluten in determining flour quality. Statistical analyses were performed using ANOVA, and the results indicated that both genotype and mineral nutrition significantly influenced the quality of wheat grain.
This research paper is significant in the field of agricultural science, particularly in crop production and soil management. It contributes to ongoing discussions about optimizing wheat quality through genetic selection and the use of soil amendments. The findings provide valuable insights for agronomists, farmers, and researchers interested in improving wheat yield and quality through informed agricultural practices. The study underscores the importance of genotype selection and the strategic use of fertilizers and soil improvers, which can lead to enhanced food security and better nutritional outcomes for populations reliant on wheat as a staple food.
