Improving the Quality of Municipal Solid Waste Compost by Using Expanded Perlite and Natural Zeolite
The research paper investigates the impact of natural zeolite and expanded perlite on the quality of municipal solid waste (MSW) compost. Conducted by Gamze Turan and Osman Nuri Ergun, the study highlights that the municipal solid waste collected from Samsun, Turkey, exhibited a high moisture content of 75-80%, which hindered effective composting without additives. The untreated composting process failed to maintain thermophilic temperatures, leading to issues with ammonia and other odors due to elevated pH levels and high electrical conductivity.
The authors conducted experiments by adding varying ratios of natural zeolite and expanded perlite to the organic fraction of MSW. The results indicated that these additives significantly improved the quality of the final compost. Natural zeolite effectively trapped ammonium, reducing nitrogen losses, while expanded perlite helped manage excess moisture and enhanced aeration. The combination of both materials produced mature and stable compost, with optimal pH and reduced salinity levels.
The study also detailed the methodology, including the collection and preparation of waste samples, the experimental setup with reactors, and the parameters analyzed throughout the composting process. Key findings included the reduction of nitrogen losses, improved moisture content, and the achievement of thermophilic temperatures in treated composts. The final composts containing the additives showed lower pH and electrical conductivity, indicating better quality compared to the untreated control.
This research paper is significant in the field of environmental engineering and waste management as it addresses the challenges associated with composting municipal solid waste, particularly in regions with high moisture content. By demonstrating the effectiveness of natural zeolite and expanded perlite as additives, the study contributes to ongoing discussions about sustainable waste management practices and the enhancement of compost quality. The findings offer practical solutions for municipalities facing similar composting challenges, promoting the recycling of organic waste back into the soil, which is crucial for sustainable agriculture and environmental health. Readers can benefit from the insights into composting techniques and the potential for improving waste management systems.
