Effects of natural zeolite clinoptilolite on passive immunity and diarrhea in newborn Holstein calves
The study investigates the impact of natural zeolite clinoptilolite on the absorption of immunoglobulins from colostrum and the incidence of enteric diseases in newborn Holstein calves. Conducted with thirty calves, the research employed a completely randomized design where calves were fed pooled colostrum and milk supplemented with varying amounts of clinoptilolite (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g per kg body weight per day) for 45 days. Blood samples were collected to measure plasma IgG and IgM concentrations, while fecal consistency and diarrhea severity were monitored.
Results indicated that calves receiving 1.0 g of clinoptilolite (T2) had higher plasma IgG concentrations compared to those receiving higher doses (T3 and T4), which showed lower IgG levels. The addition of clinoptilolite did not significantly affect IgM absorption. Fecal consistency scores were better for calves on lower doses (T1 and T2) compared to those on higher doses (T3 and T4), with the latter experiencing more severe diarrhea. Mortality rates were highest in the groups receiving the highest doses of clinoptilolite, with no deaths in the T2 group.
The study concludes that while 1.0 g of clinoptilolite per kg body weight per day can reduce diarrhea incidence, higher doses adversely affect passive immunity and increase diarrhea severity.
This research paper is significant in the field of animal science and veterinary medicine, particularly in neonatal calf management. It contributes to ongoing discussions about improving calf health through dietary interventions. The findings provide evidence that while clinoptilolite can be beneficial in managing diarrhea, excessive amounts can be detrimental to passive immunity, which is crucial for calf survival and health. This research offers practical insights for farmers and veterinarians in formulating diets for newborn calves, emphasizing the importance of dosage in dietary supplements.
